How Many Mints Are There in the US? Species & Cultivars

By Emma Johnson · January 23, 2026

There are over 600 mint species and cultivars grown across the United States, with Mentha spicata (spearmint) and Mentha × piperita (peppermint) being the most common.

The U.S. is home to a diverse range of mint varieties cultivated for culinary, medicinal, aromatic, and ornamental purposes. While native mints like Mentha arvensis exist, the majority of mints grown commercially and in home gardens belong to hybrid or introduced species. This article explores the types, distribution, cultivation practices, and economic impact of mint in the United States.

Common Mint Species Grown in the U.S.

Mint belongs to the Lamiaceae family and the genus Mentha, which includes numerous hybrids and cultivars adapted to various climates across the country. The following list highlights the most widely cultivated types:

Spearmint (Mentha spicata) – Most popular for cooking and tea; thrives in USDA zones 4–9.
Peppermint (Mentha × piperita) – High menthol content; used in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
Applemint (Mentha suaveolens) – Mild flavor; often grown ornamentally and in gardens.
Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) – Used historically as an herbal remedy but toxic if ingested in large amounts.
Watermint (Mentha aquatica) – Found in wetlands; parent of several hybrids including peppermint.
Chocolate mint (Mentha × piperita f. citrate) – A fragrant cultivar used in desserts and teas.
Orange mint (Mentha citrolia) – Citrusy aroma; suitable for beverages and landscaping.

Why So Many Varieties Exist

Mints readily hybridize, leading to new cultivars. Additionally, regional climate differences and consumer demand drive the propagation of specific types. Gardeners and commercial growers select mints based on hardiness, yield, oil content, and disease resistance.

Geographic Distribution of Mint Cultivation

Mint is grown in nearly every U.S. state, but major production centers include the Pacific Northwest, Midwest, and parts of the South. Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and Indiana lead in commercial essential oil and dried herb production.

Top Producing States

Washington – Largest producer of peppermint oil.
Oregon – Major grower of spearmint and specialty mints.
Indiana – Significant processor and distributor of mint products.
Wisconsin and Michigan – Support smaller-scale organic and niche market farming.

State	Acres Harvested (2023)	Essential Oil Yield (lbs/acre)	Main Mint Type
Washington	8,200	58	Peppermint
Oregon	3,700	42	Spearmint
Idaho	1,500	55	Peppermint
Indiana	900	40	Spearmint
Wisconsin	300	38	Organic Spearmint

Table data source:1, 2

The data shows that Washington dominates peppermint oil production with high yields per acre, while Oregon focuses more on spearmint for food and beverage industries. Combined, these states produce over 90% of the nation's commercial mint oil. Increasing demand for organic and sustainably grown mint has also led to expansion in certified organic acreage since 2020.

Cultivation and Management Practices

Mint is typically propagated vegetatively via rhizomes or root divisions due to low seed viability and genetic inconsistency. It grows best in moist, well-drained soils with partial to full sun exposure.

Key Growing Tips for Gardeners

Plant in containers to prevent aggressive spreading.
Irrigate regularly—mints prefer consistent moisture.
Harvest before flowering for maximum essential oil concentration.
Routinely prune to encourage bushier growth and prevent legginess.
Monitor for pests like aphids, spider mites, and rust fungus.

Commercial Farming Challenges

Disease pressure: Verticillium wilt and mint rust can devastate crops.
Weed control: Pre-emergent herbicides are limited due to crop sensitivity.
Market volatility: Essential oil prices fluctuate based on global supply.
Labor costs: Hand harvesting still required for premium quality leaf material.

Economic and Cultural Impact of Mint in the U.S.

The U.S. mint industry contributes over $70 million annually in farm gate value, primarily through essential oils and dried herbs. Peppermint oil alone accounts for approximately 60% of domestic production value.

Beyond economics, mint plays a role in cultural traditions—from Southern sweet tea garnished with spearmint to Native American use of wild mint in ceremonies. Its popularity continues to rise with the growth of herbal wellness trends and natural product markets.

Frequently Asked Questions About Mint in the U.S.

How many types of mint are commonly grown in the United States?

Over 20 distinct mint species and hundreds of cultivars are actively grown in the U.S., with spearmint and peppermint dominating both commercial and home garden settings.

What is the difference between spearmint and peppermint?

Spearmint contains mainly carvone and has a mild, sweet flavor ideal for cooking. Peppermint has high menthol (up to 40%) giving it a strong cooling sensation, making it better suited for medicinal and topical uses.

Can I grow mint indoors year-round?

Yes, mint can thrive indoors with at least 6 hours of sunlight or under grow lights, consistent watering, and good air circulation. Use pots with drainage holes to avoid root rot.

Is wild mint native to the United States?

Yes, Mentha arvensis (wild mint or corn mint) is native to North America and found in moist habitats across much of the northern U.S. and Canada.

Why is most U.S. mint grown in the Pacific Northwest?

The cool maritime climate, fertile soils, and reliable irrigation in states like Washington and Oregon create optimal conditions for high-oil-yield mint crops, especially peppermint and spearmint.